| Autors: Stoyanov, S. T., Gueorgiev, V. T. Title: Comparative Analysis of Lithium-Ion Batteries Keywords: Abstract: The 1s22s1 electronic configuration of lithium leads to it being the element with the least amount of ionization energy (520 kJ/mol). This makes it highly reactive, but also an excellent choice for the main active material in batteries. Another advantage of its reactivity is the relatively high voltage (~ 4 V) of individual lithium cells. The high specific energy and specific power of lithium batteries, the wide operating ranges, their long shelf life and the high number of charge/discharge cycles are all the more reasons for their wide adoption. While a replacement element for the active material has been right around the corner for the past years, with sodium being the most lauded, lithium is still carrying the secondary battery industry and chances are it will continue to do so for a long time. In fact, lithium-ion batteries are not a single type, but a class of at least seven distinct designs. Not all lithium-ion batteries are created equal - some types are more recent and advanced, while some target vastly different applications. By comparing the hexagon scale diagrams of their key characteristics, a chart can be drawn, ranking how much the different types complement or overlap each other. This tool demonstrates which types are the most universal, as well as which types are best candidates for substitution in current and future applications. References
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Вид: публикация в международен форум, публикация в реферирано издание, индексирана в Scopus