Е-Публикации
Технически университет - София

Abstract: The presented work reveals the technical and economic analysis of a spruce wood material drying process, for a specific installation.The analysis is made of the drying process of spruce timber, where the amount of initial moisture content is 60% and the equilibrium moisture content is 12%.The baseline technological process is considered for the existing installation with a wood burning boiler, used for heat supply source.Three different heat source options were further suggested and analysed, for the wood drying process optimization: implementation of natural gas boiler, electric boiler and high temperature heat pump installation.The calculations for each of them were performed at a heat output of 100 kW and a drying temperature regime of 90/75°C.The results show that only the annual energy costs of the option with a heat pump system are lower than the base case, with the cash savings amounting to USD 4,884/year, payback period of 9.47 years and 99.93 t/year CO2 emissions.The specific energy consumption in this optimal suggested case is 0.139 kWh/kg.

References

1. C.Ajike, S.O.Enibe, U.C.Okonkwo, J.L.Chukwuneke, Process modeling and simulation of Gmelina arborea (GmW) and Mansonia altissima (MaW) wood drying, Heliyon 10 (2024) e24064, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24064
2. E.Tarigan, G.Prateepchaikul, R.Yamsaengsung, A.Sirichote, P.Tekasakul, Drying characteristics of unshelled kernels of candle nuts, J.Food Eng.79 (3) (2007) 828-833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2006.02.048
3. R.Remond, J.Passard, P.Perre, The effect of temperature and moisture content on the mechanical behaviour of wood: a comprehensive model applied to drying and bending, Eur.J.Mech.Solid.26 (3) (2007) 558-572, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechsol.2006.09.008
4. Damaris Figueiredo Billo Nogueira, Nilton Cesar Fiedler, Graziela Baptista Vidaurre, Eduardo da Silva Lopes, Carla Krulikowski Rodrigues Pelissari, Antonio Henrique Cordeiro Ramalho, Renato Cesar Gonçalves Robert, Fernanda Dalfior Maffioletti, Quality of eucalyptus wood chips for bioenergy as a function of drying time and horizontal chipper settings, Heliyon 10 (2024) e25991, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25991
5. Ruisheng Wang, Peer Haller, Mapping Germany's circulating wood flow with oven-dry metric tonne in 2020, Resources, Conservation & Recycling 204 (2024) 107476 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.107476
6. Zlateva, P., Penkova, N., Krumov, K.Analysis of combustion efficiency at boilers operating on different fuels, 7th International Conference on Energy Efficiency and Agricultural Engineering-Proceedings, Art.number 9278784, (2020), ISBN 978-172810362-4, https://doi.org/10.1109/EEAE49144.2020.9278784
7. Zlateva, P., Dimitrov, R.Possibilities of using algae for renewable energy production in the Black sea region, 11th Electrical Engineering Faculty Conference, BulEF, 9030765, (2019) https://doi.org/10.1109/BulEF48056.2019.9030765
8. M Murzova, P Zlateva, Research of the energy parameters of the most demanded wood biomass pellets on Bulgarian market, IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, vol.1234 (1), art.№ 012007, (2023), https://doi.org/10.1088/17551315/1234/1/012007
9. Pedro Martins, Ricardo Claudio, Francisco Soares, Jorge Leitao, Paulo Vaz, Josе Silva, Maryam Abbasi, Intelligent Control System for Wood Drying: Scalable Architecture, Predictive Analytics, and Future Enhancements, Procedia Computer Science 238 (2024) 602-609, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.06.067
10. Borja Velazquez Martí, Alfredo Bonini Neto, Daniel Nunez Retana, Artemio Carrillo Parra, Sebastian Guerrero-Luzuriaga, Determination of biomass drying speed using neural networks, Biomass and Bioenergy 186 (2024) 107260, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107260
11. Erik Anerud, Dan Bergstrom, Johanna Routa, Lars Eliasson, Fuel quality and dry matter losses of stored wood chips-Influence of cover material, Biomass and Bioenergy 150 (2021) 106109, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2021.106109
12. Debora Cristina Bianchini, Flavio Jose Simioni, Economic and risk assessment of industrial wood chip drying, Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 44 (2021) 101016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2021.101016
13. Salwa Chtioui, Ahmed Khouya, Optimizing solar energy for wood drying under various climates: A comparative study of flat plate and photovoltaic thermal solar collectors, Renewable Energy 221 (2024) 119691, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2023.119691
14. Kai Xu, Tinghuan Wang, Chen Yang, Yuxin Zhao, Jiayi Kang, Guochen Huo, Zhenyu Wang, Zhengbin He, Songlin Yi, Simulation optimization and energy consumption evaluation on the wood solar drying kiln with heat storage and dehumidification system, Applied Thermal Engineering 240 (2024) 122262, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.122262
15. Salwa Chtioui, Ahmed Khouya, Mathematical modeling and performance evaluations of a wood drying process using photovoltaic thermal and double-pass solar air collectors, Applied Thermal Engineering 255 (2024) 123901, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2024.123901
16. Bulgarian National Bank Statistics, Web Resource: https://www.bnb.bg/Statistics/StMonetaryInterestRate/StInterestRate/StIRIROnLoans/StIRIROnLoansNon-financialCorporations/index.html, last visited: 25.October 2024
17. Ordinance No.RD-02-20-3 of 2022 on the technical requirements for the energy characteristics of buildings (Amended and supplemented by SG No.3 of 10 January 2023).Issued by the Minister of Regional Development and Public Works, 2023
18. CoolPack Product website: https://www.ipu.dk/products/coolpack/, last visited: 25.October 2024
19. Inflation Rate Calculator, National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria, Web Resource: https://www.nsi.bg/en/content/2539/inflation-rate-calculator, last visited: 25.October 2024.

Issue