Е-Публикации
Технически университет - София

Abstract: Thermal infrared imaging using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has become a vital tool for monitoring large objects with relatively constant temperatures. This study investigates how the height at which UAVs operate influences the thermal infrared measurements of such objects. Despite the objects maintaining a stable temperature, the results reveal significant variations in thermal readings at different altitudes. Analysis shows that these discrepancies are closely linked to specific components of the radiation transfer equation, particularly atmospheric attenuation, surface emissivity, and emission from atmospheric volume. Understanding these tendencies is crucial for optimizing UAV-based thermal imaging applications, ensuring accurate data collection, and improving the reliability of temperature assessments from varying heights. This research provides insights into the complex interaction between measurement altitude and thermal infrared imaging accuracy, offering guidance for future UAV thermal imaging missions.

References

1. S. Stagakis et al., "Spatiotemporal monitoring of surface temperature in an urban area using UAV imaging and towermounted radiometer measurements," 2019 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE), Vannes, France, 2019, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/JURSE.2019.8808958.
2. G. D. Mladenov; Application of methodology for the organization of a roundabout to increase the capacity of a conventional intersection of Sofia. Part I: Geometric characteristics. AIP Conf. Proc. 24 April 2024; 3078 (1): 050005. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0208258
3. G. Salvo, L. Caruso, A. Scordo, "Urban Traffic Analysis through an UAV", Elsevier, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, vol. 111, pp. 1083-1091, 2014.
4. G. D. Mladenov, S. P. Stoyanov; Application of methodology for the organization of a roundabout to increase the capacity of a conventional intersection of Sofia. Part II: Road traffic loading. AIP Conf. Proc. 24 April 2024; 3078 (1): 050006. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0208260
5. R. Mitra, J. Hackel, A. Das, S. Dorafshan and N. Kaabouch, "A UAV Payload for Real-time Inspection of Highway Ancillary Structures," 2022 IEEE International Conference on Electro Information Technology (eIT), Mankato, MN, USA, 2022, pp. 411-416, doi: 10.1109/eIT53891.2022.9813851.
6. L. Wei, H. Wu, X. -G. Jiang, C. Ru, Y. -Z. Jiang and C. -X. Gao, "A Modified Single-Channel Algorithm for Estimating Land Surface Temperature from UAV TIR Imagery," 2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS, Brussels, Belgium, 2021, pp. 8185-8188, doi: 10.1109/IGARSS47720.2021.9553704.
7. L. Feng, H. Tian, Z. Qiao, M. Zhao and Y. Liu, "Detailed Variations in Urban Surface Temperatures Exploration Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Thermography," in IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, vol. 13, pp. 204-216, 2020, doi: 10.1109/JSTARS.2019.2954852. keywords: {Temperature measurement;Cameras;Land surface temperature;Land surface;Temperature
8. Y. -I. Cho, D. Yoon, S. Son and M. -J. Lee, "An Analysis of the Effect of Cool Pavement on the Urban Thermal Environment," IGARSS 2023 -2023 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Pasadena, CA, USA, 2023, pp. 3590-3593, doi: 10.1109/IGARSS52108.2023.10282128.
9. A. M. Jensen, M. McKee and Y. Chen, "Calibrating thermal imagery from an unmanned aerial system - AggieAir," 2013 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - IGARSS, Melbourne, VIC, Australia, 2013, pp. 542-545, doi: 10.1109/IGARSS.2013.6721213.
10. A. Lagunov, D. Fedin and A. Tyagunin, "Using UAVs for remote study of ice in the arctic with a view to laying the optimal route vessel," 2014 Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems, Warsaw, Poland, 2014, pp. 1293-1299, doi: 10.15439/2014F226.
11. G. Popov and A. Popova, "Application of System Diversity for IncreasingSecurity and Reliability of Distributed Systems," 2022 XXXI International Scientific Conference Electronics (ET), Sozopol, Bulgaria, 2022, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/ET55967.2022.9920304.
12. T. Valkovski, I. Nachev and P. Z. Petkov, "Optical Communication System Investigation with Application for VLF Solar Flares Monitoring System," 2023 58th International Scientific Conference on Information, Communication and Energy Systems and Technologies (ICEST), Nis, Serbia, 2023, pp. 249-252, doi: 10.1109/ICEST58410.2023.10187279.
13. S. Stagakis et al., "Spatiotemporal monitoring of surface temperature in an urban area using UAV imaging and towermounted radiometer measurements," 2019 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE), Vannes, France, 2019, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/JURSE.2019.8808958.
14. G. D. Mladenov, D. N. Saliev, H. Abdurahman; Integrated brake disc temperature measurement system. AIP Conf. Proc. 1 September 2022; 2449 (1): 050008. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0091883
15. G. Petty, A First Course in Atmospheric Radiation, Sundog Publishing LLC, 2023.
16. M. Schlessinger, Infrared Technology Fundamentals, CRC Press, 1994.
17. J. Miller, Principles of Infrared Technology: A Practical Guide to the State of the Art, Springer Science & Business Media, 2012.
18. W. Wolfe, Introduction to Radiometry, SPIE Press, 1998.
19. Z. Zhang, B. Tsai, G. Machin, Radiometric Temperature Measurements: II. Applications, Academic Press, 2009.
20. K. Stamnes, G. Thomas, J. Stamnes, Radiative Transfer in the Atmosphere and Ocean, Cambridge University Press, 2017.
21. https://www.dji.com/bg/mavic-2-enterprise
22. E. B. Magrab, Engineering Statistics. An Introduction, Springer International Publishing, 2022.
23. G. Mount, Advancing Into Analytics: From Excel to Python and R, O'Reilly Media, Incorporated, 2021.

Issue