Е-Публикации
Технически университет - София

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to present a study of certain characteristics of sweet peppers (genus Capsicum and species Annuum), grown in a private garden located in the North-Eastern region of the country (Razgrad District). 12 types of sown pepper seeds are considered. 11 types of them have annually been collected from the best quality fruits and selected by an amateur gardener. Only one group of pepper seeds (number 7) has been purchased commercially. Before conducting the experiment, the collected peppers have been stored in a refrigerator (5 C) within a week. The following characteristics of the peppers were studied: moisture content, dry matter and ash content. Static extraction of β-carotene from the peppers was carried out in four organic solvents, used as extractants (isopropanol, isobutanol, 1,1-dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane). The different organic solvents exhibited different extraction ability. The largest amount of β-carotene was extracted when polar organic solvents were used as extractants and first in terms of extraction ability was isopropanol, followed by isobutanol. The best organic solvent for extracting β-carotene from peppers proved to be isopropanol. The highest amount of β-carotene extracted by using isopropanol, was contained in sample a 7 (11.86±0.01 mg/100g of dry matter).

References

1. Online source: http://www.xumuk.ru/encyklopedia/1909.html
2. L. Kojuharova, S. Gargova, S. Bahchevanska, Biotechnological types of productions. UFT, Plovdiv, 202-218 (2000).
3. R. Vlaseva, Functional characteristics of carotenoids and their application in the dairy industry, Scientific works volume LX, In Scientific conference with international participation "Food science, techniques and technologies-2013-Plovdiv (2013).
4. A. Mangels, J. Holden, G. Beecher, M. Forman, E. Lanza, Carotenoid content of fruits and vegetables: An evaluation of analytic data, J Am Diet Assoc., 93, 3 (1993).
5. T. Lovrić, V. Piližota, Konzerviranje i prerada voća i povrća (Nakladni zavod Globus, Zagreb, 1994).
6. Lj. Vračar, Tehnologija zamrzavanja povrća, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Tehnološki fakultet (Novi Sad, 2012).
7. M. Fekadu, P. Dandena, Review of the status of Vegetable Crops Production and Marketing in Ethiopia, Uganda Journal of agricultural sciences, 12, 2 (2006).
8. S. K. Green, Tomato and Pepper Production in the Tropics (Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center, Taiwan, 1989).
9. M.M. Wall, C.A. Waddell, P.W. Bosland, Variation in b-carotene and total carotenoid content in fruits of Capsicum, Hort-Science, 36 (2001).
10. D.Gvozdenović, A. Takač, Paprika, (Poljoprivredna biblioteka (2004).
11. D. Jankuloski, Piperka I patlidzan, PhD Thesis, Agriculture Faculty-Skopje (1997).
12. Online source: http://biofile.ru/bio/21801.html
13. Online source: http://www.xumuk.ru/encyklopedia/2/3822.html
14. ISO 662:2016. Animal and vegetable fats and oils-Determination of moisture and volatile matter content, 2016.
15. ISO 763:2003. Fruit and vegetable products-Determination of ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid (2003).
16. M. Fikselová, Silhár, S., Mareček, J., Frančáková, H., Extraction of carrot (Daucus carota L.) carotenes under different conditions. Czech Journal of Food Sciences, 26, 4 (2008).
17. N. Deepa, C. Kaur, B. Singh, H. C. Kapoor, Antioxidant activity in some red sweet pepper cultivars, Journal of Food and Composition and Analysis, 19 (2006).
18. B.J. Burri, Beta-carotene and human health: A review of current research, Nutrition Research, 17, 3 (1997).
19. M. Koch, Y. Arango, H. P. Mock, K. P. Heise, Factors influencing α-Tocopherol synthesis in pepper fruits, Journal of Plant Physiology, 159 (2002).

Issue